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Public Health Service: In 1968 the Public Health Service was reor¬ganized into three separate health agencies: the Health Services and Mental Health Administra¬tion, the National Institutes of Health, and the Consumer Protection and Environmental Health -Service, including the Food and Drug Adminis¬tration, one of the agencies originally transferred into the Federal Security Agency in 1939. These three health agencies are directed by the assistant secretary for health and scientific affairs, who is aided by the surgeon general of the Public Health Service.
Official agencies are those supported by tax moneys. These agencies exist at the national, state, and local levels. The National Institute of Health, the Consumer Protection and Environ¬mental Health Service, and Health Services and Mental Health Administration are all part of the U. S. Public Health Service. This national agency is part of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.See Also A Health Manpower:A health manpower report prepared by the National Commission of Community Health Services showed that the U.S. hospitals and health organizations were maintaining the ratio of 150 doctors per 100,000 population only by filling out one-fifth of their needs with physicians from other countries. The demand for health care had also created serious shortages of nurses and other paramedical personnel. Among the solutions being suggested were new methods of health care organization and govern¬ment support for new or expanded education programs in the health sciences.
Under the reorganization the Public Health Service was enlarged to include the Food and Drug Administration; a new agency, the Health Services and Mental Health Adminis¬tration; and the National Institutes of Health, which itself was enlarged to include the Bureau of Health Manpower and the National Library of Medicine.
On The Other Hand See Study Of Health Instruction:The nationwide study of health instruction, and the resultant kindergarten through grade 12 curriculum development pro¬ject of the School Health Education Study, has been recognized as an outstanding curriculum project.
The United States has led the way in estab¬lishing health education as a profession in its own right. Other countries have tended to fol¬low the traditional pattern, stressing physical fitness and personal hygiene rather than a broad approach to the health of the individual and the environment. Nevertheless, health education has made major contributions to public health—as in Canada, where most elementary and secondary schools include health as part of the curriculum.
The Place of Health Education in the Curriculum. In U. S. public schools, health instruction has been achieved through a variety of organizational patterns. One method is to include facts on health in such content areas as biology, social studies, or home economics. Units of health re¬lated to these areas have been included in the regular classroom instruction. However, the most successful method of accomplishing the aims and objectives of health education is that of direct in¬struction. In this method health instruction is considered a distinct part of the total school curriculum. |
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